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Natural selection is a simple process to understand. First, in a certain area there has to be an overproduction of offspring (too many of a certain animal is born). There is a limited amount of resources, so naturally not all of the animals will be able to survive. As a result there is competition among the animals for them to survive. The certain animals are all the same species, but there is variability among their characteristics. The animals with the beneficial characteristics will survive and produce more offspring, with their similar characteristics. Biogeography states that species who live closer to each other have more similarity than those who live further apart.
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