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The Big Bang theory of the origin of the Universe
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The “Big Bang” theory of the origin of the universe is a controversial yet widely accepted theory in the creation of the universe to it’s present form. Dating back in history, the groundwork of famous scientists and their theories helped to develop the Big Bang theory to what is stands as today. Special note goes to that of Friedmann, Hubble and Einstein who all played major roles in the establishment of this theory and are all included in this essay. Other points that constitute this essay include the origin of the universe, transformation of radiation into matter after the Big Bang and the accretion of stars and galaxies. Aleksandr Friedmann was a Russian professor of mathematics who made an enormous contribution to the development of theories that the universe was expanding. Living in the time of Albert Einstein’s era he took an insight into cosmology. He read Einstein’s work with problems associated with relativity’s expanding universe. Einstein had proposed that the size of the universe was constant and it neither shrank nor grew. Based on the theory of relativity, Friedmann predicted that the universe must be expanding and argued that space and time have tendencies to be isotropic and that it was possible for the average density and radius of the universe to change over time. He also developed a dynamic equation for the expanding universe in the 1920’s. He proved that there were 3 possibilities for the universe when the cosmological constant is zero. 1) If Gravity is stronger than the critical density of the universe, then the universe will ultimately collapse back onto itself. 2) If the inverse is correct the universe would expand forever. 3) If the universe were flat with zero constant then the universe would again expand infinitely. This theory of an expanding universe helped to develop the Big Bang theory. Edwin Hubble, an American lawyer with a PhD in Astronomy began working in an observatory in California in 1919. In doing so, he became the first astronomer to discover an independent galaxy outside of the Milky Way.
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