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As one of the greatest men in recent history , Leonardo da Vinci’s genius remains unbounded by time and technology. By helping to set an ignorant and superstitious world on a course of reason, Leonardo’s spirit lives on to influence the inventors, artists, and art patrons of our own time. This paper is about the design to divert the Arno River to fortify city of Pisa during war time. It has been 500 years since Leonardo da Vinci recorded his thoughts and designs in notebooks for us to marvel at, and within these notebooks I am interested in the “Codec Madrid II”, which dealt with military architecture and Leonardo plans to divert the Arno river. The Codec Madrid were rediscovered in 1965 in Madrid after being officially lost since 1830. This is were the arguments become interesting. Many are unsure whether or not Leonardo da Vinci originated the design of the diversion of the Arno River to help fortify Pisa for war. There are many arguments about whether or not Leonardo originated idea to divert the Arno River. Scholars and experts alike have many different angles to this design. Experts say he would have known it was a hopeless project because of the environment, war, and lack of manpower.
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