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FAS 115 Summary This Statement addresses the accounting and reporting for investments in equity securities that have readily determinable fair values and for all investments in debt securities. Those investments are to be classified in three categories and accounted for as follows: • Debt securities that the enterprise has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity securities and reported at amortized cost. • Debt and equity securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in earnings. • Debt and equity securities not classified as either held-to-maturity securities or trading securities are classified as available-for-sale securities and reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in a separate component of shareholders' equity. This Statement does not apply to unsecuritized loans. However, after mortgage loans are converted to mortgage-backed securities, they are subject to its provisions. This Statement supersedes FASB Statement No. 12, Accounting for Certain Marketable Securities, and related Interpretations and amends FASB Statement No. 65, Accounting for Certain Mortgage Banking Activities, to eliminate mortgage-backed securities from its scope. This Statement is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1993. It is to be initially applied as of the beginning of an enterprise's fiscal year and cannot be applied retroactively to prior years' financial statements. However, an enterprise may elect to initially apply this Statement as of the end of an earlier fiscal year for which annual financial statements have not previously been issued. INTRODUCTION FAS115, Par. 1 FAS115, Par. 1 1. This Statement addresses the accounting and reporting for certain investments in debt securities 1 and equity securities. It expands the use of fair value accounting for those securities but retains the use of the amortized cost method for investments in debt securities that the reporting enterprise has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity. FAS115, Par. 2 2. This Statement was undertaken mainly in response to concerns expressed by regulators and others about the recognition and measurement of investments in debt securities, particularly those held by financial institutions. They questioned the appropriateness of using the amortized cost method for certain investments in debt securities in light of certain trading and sales practices.
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