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Perception
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PERCEPTION PERCEPTION is a mechanism through which people receive, organize and interpret information from their environments. The key to understanding perception is to recognize that it is a unique interpretation of the situation itself, not the situation itself. It is an active psychological process where-in the stimuli are selected and organized into meaningful patterns. Perception is defined as the complex method of obtaining information about our surrounding world, specifically through our senses, and apprehending this information as beliefs. Different people are likely to have somewhat different and sometimes contradictory views or understandings of the same event or person. A person’s perception can be thought of as a “filter”. Thus, because perception is largely learned, and no one has the same learning and experience, then every person has a unique filter, and the same situations and stimuli may produce very different reactions and behaviors. In an organizational scenario, for example, the perceptual world of a manager is quite different from the perceptual world of the associate, and both may be very different from reality. Thus, the quality or accuracy of a manager’s perceptions has a major impact on the quality of any decisions made or actions taken in a given business situation. Perception is more complex and broader than sensation which is the effect of the five senses on human mind. Sensation is a data input & the processed data which gives an Individual a view point is termed perception. Perceptual world WE DON’T SEE THINGS AS THEY ARE…. WE SEE THEM AS WE ARE…. - Anais Nain Since all individuals have own criterion of assigning meanings therefore by definition there isn’t anything as the “Real World”. Rationality always falls short of perfect perceptions. As a result a typical “Perception” would add to or take from the real world while processing the inputs. Such a world is called a “Perceptual World”. Sub processes of perception There are several sub processes of perception. The first important sub process is the stimulus or situation that is present. It is the starting point of perception when a person is confronted with a stimulus or situation. A stimulus refers to raw data or just the sensory Inputs one receives. Hence it is a cognitive process where sensory data acts merely as an input taken from the environment. We tend to select and attend to only some features present in any situation. This helps us avoid dealing with irrelevant information and information overload. Then there are the internal cognitive processes of registration, interpretation and feedback. Then there is the resulting behavior itself, and the environmental consequences of this behavior make up the final part. The physiological ability to hear and see will affect perception. Interpretation is the most significant aspect of perception. Interpretations are largely dependant on a person’s learning, motivation and his/her personality. Feedback may influence the perception of a person further. Research has shown that both facial expressions and the specific situation will influence perceptions of certain emotions, such as fear, anger or pain. The behavioral termination of perception is the reaction or behavior, either overt or covert. SELECTION AND ORGANISATION We are being constantly bombarded with numerous stimuli. We continually face a mélange of sounds and sights. We tend to select and attend to only some features present in any situation which helps us to deal with irrelevant information and information overload.
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