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Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
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Abstract The study of the forces within the individual moving him towards executing a job has evolved enormously from the times when the individual craftsman shifted to the individual contributor within business organizations. Motivational theory originated from the challenges encountered by management to get their subordinates to carry out a particular job. This paper provides an explanation of the origins of Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor motivational theory and a view of its application to modern industry. The results and conclusions of this paper reveal varied motivating factors among individuals; it also identifies improved communication, effective coordination and training as factors that enhance motivation among modern-day employees. Introduction For years, motivational theory has been getting increasing attention from employers around the world. The motivational theories that evolved ever since the work life of man started to move around the business organization have gone through enormous changes. Different schools of thought have led to theories, some empirically proven, some just pure theories, trying to explain the factors that really move man to carry out a job. The evolution of these theories have moved from the days when it was thought that man is passive and needs to be guided to do what he is intended to do, to the more recent thought that man has needs and that he is moved to carry out a job to satisfy those needs. This paper will present Frederick Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory, which is one of the theories that evolved from this last thought. Having evolved from Maslow’s Need Theory, one of the earliest theories of this school of thought, Herzberg’s theory has been greatly studied and applied on the modern work environment and has served as the base for other motivational theories. This paper will present a background of the evolution of this theory, its difficulties and modern day experiences which can be explained on the base of this theory. Background on Motivational Theory It has been argued that the weak aspects of Maslow’s need theory are that his terms are vague and overlap one another and that the hierarchic division of needs is not a universal characteristic, as Maslow himself originally suggested.
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