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Scietific development in the 1800s In the 1800s there were mainly five main areas of scientific development: knowledge about the atom, the quantum theory and Einstein’s theories, knowledge about the cell, theories of evolution, genetics and medicine. In 1803 John Dalton was the first person to get experimental evidence of the atom’s existence. He also developed a method for weighing atoms. In 1869 Dmitri Mendeleyev made the first workable classification of the atoms, the precedent of the modern periodic table. In the 1800s heat was also began to be thought of resulting from the movements of atomic particles. In 1895 Wilhelm K. Roentgen discovered the x-rays but could, however, not explain the principle behind them. In 1897 J. J. Thomson discovered the electron and introduced the idea that atoms consist of sub-atomic particles. When Pierre and Marie Curie discovered radioactivity and Ernest Rutherford protons, scientists no longer thought the atom as a solid piece of matter. Later the neutron and more that 30 atomic particles were discovered. In 1900 Max Planck introduced the quantum theory disproving the idea that energy was continuous. He proved that energy could only be released in certain packages. In 1905 Albert Einstein wrote four papers that revolutionized physics. In the first he stated that the movements of two touching substances can result from atomic motion and collisions. In the second one he extended the quantum theory to describe light consisting of little particles of energy.
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