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Sheep to Sheep and Human to Human
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Sheep to Sheep and Human to Human Cloning is what makes another human being a human. People study cloning everyday of their lives and make money doing it. Cloning really is a way of life to some people. What do you know about cloning and do you think we should accept it? The word clone had many different meanings. The scientific meaning is organisms in your body handed down through asexual reproduction. Clone is a word given to us by the Greek. The word then meant “twig” (Cohen 9). The first thing people cloned were a sheep called Dolly. She was the first mammal to be cloned (“Cloning” 39,40). Another term you will need to know is chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are identical structures that have genetical material in them. Plasmids are particles found in some bacteria and yeast’s (“Clone” 684,685). Cloning is a very old process. People have been cloning for over two thousand years and haven’t even known it. People who grow plants from stem cuttings are cloning that plant. Scientists think that a German scientist Hans Spemann first discussed cloning. In 1952, two American researchers transplanted the nucleus from a cell of an embryo frog to a denucleated frog egg (Newton 39,40). Once the egg cell detected that it had a full set of chromosomes it began to divide and grow on its own (“History of Cloning” online). When an earthworm is cut in half they make themselves again to complete the missing parts (Travers 17). Cloning has many different stages. One of the stages is called the two – cell stage. If an egg completely separates during the two – cell stage, identical twins will be the result. Both people will have exactly the same genes. A man by the name of Steen Willadsen developed a way to divide sheep embryos. This is what made cloning possible (Travers 17). Willadsen also was the leader of the team who cloned a sheep’s embryo. A scientist named Neal First led the second team. His team cloned a cow’s embryo. A Scottish scientist made his goal to create a sheep that produced a certain chemical in its milk. His name was Ian Wilmut. He chose to alter the adult cells and then clone them (“History of Cloning” online). Causes of cloning vary from day to day. Cloning has many different causes, some for it, and some against it. Cloning can create organs for people who need them without having to take someone else’s organs.
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